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Chapter 4.5

Table 4.5.3 Expected Ammonium Nitrogen Loss (in percent) in Relation to Application Method, Timing and Weather Conditions.

Application and Incorporation Strategy

Weather Conditions During Application

Average Cool-Wet Cool-Dry Warm-Wet Warm-Dry

Surface applied, incorporated within 1 day 1 25 % 10 % 15 % 25 % 50 % Surface applied, incorporated within 2 days 30 % 13 % 19 % 31 % 57 % Surface applied, incorporated within 3 days 35 % 15 % 22 % 38 % 65 % Surface applied, incorporated within 4 days 40 % 17 % 26 % 44 % 72 % Surface applied, incorporated within 5 days 45 % 20 % 30 % 50 % 80 % Not incorporated 66 % 40 % 50 % 75 % 100 % Injected 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 % Cover crop 2 35 % 25 % 25 % 40 % 50 %

1 These percentages would also apply to liquid manure broadcast (without incorporation) on bare soils.

2 These percentages would also apply to liquid manure broadcast (without incorporation) on land with residue, such as direct-seeded fields or forages.

Adapted from AF 2004.