Module 8 — Protecting Your Well From Contamination
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Seismic Shot Holes
Improperly plugged shot holes can be a direct path for contamination to groundwater.
Shot holes are typically 15-18 m (50-60 ft.) deep and are plugged by installing a plastic
plug (with identification) into the hole, at a depth of not less than 1 m (3 ft.) below
ground level, followed with bentonite pellets and firmly tamped borehole cuttings
placed progressively upwards to the ground surface.
Prevention:
Negotiate, beforehand, a more effective method of plugging shot holes with the
seismic company by suggesting they install the plastic plug closer to the bottom
of each hole and fill from the plug to ground surface with only bentonite pellets.
Over-Application or Improper Storage of
Manure or Fertilizer
Manure or fertilizer that is applied to land at a greater rate than growing crops can
utilize the nutrients can result in nitrates leaching into groundwater. Fertilizer that is
applied to lawns or gardens at excessive rates may also contribute.
Prevention:
Balance the nutrient requirements of your crops with the nutrient content of
the manure or fertilizer. Conduct regular soil and manure tests and maintain
accurate records of application.
Storage of manure concentrates nutrients in one location which can increase risk of
contamination.
Prevention:
Manure storage facilities should be designed and constructed correctly.
See Module 12 "Other Resources".
Hazardous Material Storage
There are many other substances and products that need to be properly stored and
handled. These could include paint, oil, chemicals, etc.
Prevention:
Hazardous material should never be stored in a building that houses the well
and/or pumping equipment.