iii
McDaniel spider mite and two-spotted
spider mite................................................... 70
Saskatoon bud moth. ....................................... 71
Saskatoon sawfly . ........................................... 73
Tarnished plant bug/Lygus bugs....................... 75
Woolly elm aphid and woolly apple aphid. ....... 76
Diseases..............................................79
Bacterial blast................................................... 79
Blackleaf/witches’ broom.................................. 79
Brown fruit rot or mummyberry......................... 81
Cytospora canker and dieback......................... 81
Entomosporium leaf and berry spot. ................ 82
Fireblight........................................................... 85
Powdery mildew............................................... 87
Saskatoon juniper rust...................................... 87
Harvest........................................89
Harvesting............................................89
Ripening...............................................89
Uneven ripening...................................90
Hand harvesting...................................91
Pre-picking. ...................................................... 91
Pick-your-own or U-pick................................... 91
Mechanical harvesting.........................94
Choosing the right harvester............................ 95
Upright harvesters............................................ 97
Sideways harvester.......................................... 97
Post-harvest................................99
Post-harvest deterioration ...................99
Field heat.............................................99
Harvest timing to reduce cooling
requirements...................................100
Removing field heat...........................100
The sorting line. .................................100
Processing.........................................102
Fresh product.....................................102
Freezing. ........................................................ 102
Value-added products........................102
Food development centres............................. 103
On-farm food safety........................................ 104
Marketing..................................105
Markets..............................................105
U-pick or pick-your-own ................................. 105
Farmers’ markets............................................ 105
Farm gate sales.............................................. 106
Wholesale....................................................... 106
Restaurants and hotels . ................................ 106
Processors. .................................................... 107
Exporting............................................108
Health/nutritional benefits. .................108
Glossary....................................109
References................................110
Appendix................................... 111